Brit Civ L1 Topic 06 : Rise of the English Identity and Nation

The national identity of the English as different from their ancestors from Europe crystallized gradually after the Norman Conquest. Englishness - the defining characteristics (linguistic, cultural and social) of the English people - was the inevitable result of a number of factors that led ultimately, sometimes unintentionally, to the formation of the English nation.

(Flag of England  - the red cross -. It was used in designing the flag of Great Britain  after the union of England and Scotland, and is now a component of the United Kingdom flag)